4. Literature Review
Leonardo da Vinci’s drawing Vitruvian Man (1487) shows how the proportions of the human body fit perfectly into a circle or a square, which is known as an illustration of Vitruvius’ theory.
Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519) said it best: "The outstretched arms and legs of a man form a square and a circle: the square symbolizes the solid physical world and the circle the spiritual and eternal. Man bridges the gap between these two worlds."-Leonardo Da Vinci (1487) “The Magical Proportions of Man”.
Vitruvius, the architect, says in his work on architecture that “the measurements of the human body are distributed by Nature as follows that is that 4 fingers make 1 palm, and 4 palms make 1 foot, 6 palms make 1 cubit; 4 cubits make a man's height. And 4 cubits make one pace and 24 palms make a man; and these measures he used in his buildings. If you open your legs so much as to decrease your height 1/14 and spread and raise your arms till your middle fingers touch the level of the top of your head you must know that the centre of the outspread limbs will be in the navel and the space between the legs will be an equilateral triangle.”
Also, according to Vitruvius’s theory the distance from fingertip to fingertip (arm span) should be equal to the distance from head to heel (height).
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